Overview
Literature

Principal Applications

  • Removal of perfluoroalkyl substances
  • Removal of polyfluoroalkyl substances

Advantages

  • Very high operating capacity
  • Excellent kinetics

Systems

  • Industrial
  • Wastewater
  • Process

Typical Packaging

  • 1 ft³ Sack
  • 25 L Sack
  • 5 ft³ Drum (Fiber)
  • 1 m³ Supersack
  • 42 ft³ Supersack

* Reduces PFAS to non-detect levels ranging from 1 – 5 parts per trillion

Typical Physical & Chemical Characteristics:

Polymer Structure Polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene
Appearance Spherical Beads
Functional Group Complex Amino
Mean Diameter 675 ± 75 µm
Uniformity Coefficient (max.) 1.3
Specific Gravity 1.05
Shipping Weight (approx.) 650 - 700 g/L (40.6 - 43.8 lb/ft³)
Temperature Limit 100 °C (212.0 °F) (Cl- form)
Temperature Limit 60 °C (140.0 °F) (OH- form)

Hydraulic Characteristics

Pressure Drop

The pressure drop across a bed of ion exchange resin depends on the particle size distribution, bed depth, and voids volume of the exchange material, as well as on the flow rate and viscosity of the influent solution. Factors affecting any of these parameters— such as the presence of particulate matter filtered out by the bed, abnormal compressibility of the resin, or the incomplete classification of the bed—will have an adverse effect, and result in an increased head loss. Depending on the quality of the influent water, the application and the design of the plant, service flow rates may vary from 10 to 40 BV/h.

Pressure Drop Across Resin Bed

Backwash

A 20 BV downflow rinse is required before the vessel is put into service. This rinse can be done onsite or offsite pre-installation. Once the resin is put into service, backwashing is not permitted as this will lead to shortened bed life. This is a uniform grade resin with beads of similar size and will not require backwashing for classification / stratification before use. If it is determined, before startup, that air bubbles or particulate matter are trapped within the bed, then backwashing can be done. In that case, the resin bed should be expanded by 50-70% for 10-15 minutes. Please note that bed expansion increases with higher flow rate and lower water temperature. Avoid loss of resin through the top of the vessel by over expansion of the bed.

Backwash Expansion of Resin Bed